Submerged fermentation of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide of Philippine Lentinus tigrinus: FTIR spectroscopy and bioactivity profiling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60923/issn.2531-7342/24237Keywords:
Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Enzyme-based assay, TeratogenicityAbstract
Lentinus tigrinus (tiger sawgill mushroom) is an edible mushroom known for its high nutritional value. This study highlights the optimized submerged fermentation conditions for L. tigrinus to enhance mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, identifying mango puree as the most suitable culture medium. Optimal parameters were established at pH 7.0, 100 rpm agitation, and 10–15 days of incubation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed major absorption peaks at 3291.66, 2927.90, 1614.83, 1411.92, 1257.60, and 1043.35–416.27 cm⁻¹, indicating the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, amino, and ether groups typical of β-D-glucans and protein–polysaccharide conjugates. Enzyme-based assays showed low inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and cyclooxygenase 1 and 2. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity in the mycelial (62.69%) and EPS (50.76%) extracts. Brine shrimp lethality tests revealed dose-dependent toxicity in the mycelial extract but benign toxicity in EPS. Zebrafish embryo assays confirmed concentration-dependent embryotoxicity in the mycelial extract, while EPS exhibited minimal developmental effects, underscoring its biocompatibility. The mycelial extract also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (8.83 mm). Overall, L. tigrinus demonstrates promise as a sustainable Philippine source of bioactive metabolites and polysaccharides with potential nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
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